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Biology: Chapter 11 Test Page 1 Name: ________________________ааClass: ___________________ааDate: __________ ID: A 1 Biology: Chapter 11 Test Multiple Choice Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. ____ 1. Which one of the following nucleotide pair bonds would be found in a DNA molecule? a. adenineguanine c. adeninecytosine b. guaninecytosine d. cytosineuracil ____ 2. The backbone of a DNA molecule is made of which two components? a. phosphate molecules and ribose sugars b. deoxyphosphate molecules and ribose sugars c. phosphate molecules and deoxyribose sugars d. deoxyphosphate molecules and deoxyribose sugars ____ 3. Which of the following would be least likely to happen as a result of a mutation in a person's skin cells? a. skin cancer b. reduced functioning of the skin cell c. no change in functioning of the skin cell d. the person's offspring have mutated skin ____ 4. The pairing of _____ in DNA is the key feature that allows DNA to be copied. a. nucleotides c. chromosomes b. nitrogen bases d. codons ____ 5. The process by which a DNA molecule is copied is called _____. a. binary fission c. replication b. mitosis d. translation ____ 6. A DNA nucleotide may be made up of a phosphate group, along with _____. a. deoxyribose sugar and uracil c. deoxyribose sugar and thymine b. ribose sugar and adenine d. ribose sugar and cytosine ____ 7. Messenger RNA is formed in the process of _____. a. transcription c. replication b. translation d. mutation ____ 8. X rays, ultraviolet light, and radioactive substances that can change the chemical nature of DNA are classified as _____. a. growth regulators c. hydrolytic enzymes b. metamorphic molecules d. mutagens Page 2 Name: ________________________ ID: A 2 Figure 111 ____ 9. In which part of the cell does this process shown in Figure 111 take place? a. in the nucleus c. at the ribosomes b. in food vacuoles d. on the chromosome ____ 10. Structure III in Figure 111 represents a(n) _____. a. gene c. codon b. amino acid d. DNA molecule ____ 11. The process illustrated in Figure 111 is called _____. a. translation c. monoploidy b. replication d. transcription ____ 12. A DNA segment is changed fromAATTAGнаtoанAAATAG. This is a ____. a. frameshift mutation c. inversion b. point mutation d. deletion ____ 13. A DNA segment is changed fromанAATTAGAAATAGнаtoанATTAGAAATAG.ааThis is a ____. a. frameshift mutation c. inversion b. point mutation d. translation Page 3 Name: ________________________ ID: A 3 Figure 113 ____ 14. Which structure shown in Figure 113 does not contain a nitrogenous base? a. A c. C b. B d. D ____ 15. Which structure shown in Figure 113 would attract a free cytosine nucleotide? a. A c. C b. B d. D Page 4 Name: ________________________ ID: A 4 Figure 114 ____ 16. What type of mutation has occurred in Figure 114? a. point mutation c. lethal b. frame shift d. protein ____ 17. What will be the result of the mutation in Figure 114? a. it will have no affect on protein function b. only one amino acid will change c. nearly every amino acid in the protein will be changed d. the organism will die Page 5 Name: ________________________ ID: A 5 Help Wanted Positions Available in the genetics industry. Hundreds of entrylevel openings for tireless workers. No previous experience necessary. Must be able to transcribe code in a nuclear environment. The ability to work in close association with ribosomes is a must. Accuracy and Speed vital for this job in the field of translation. Applicants must demonstrate skills in transporting and positioning amino acids. Salary commensurate with experience. Executive Position available. Must be able to maintain genetic continuity through replication and control cellular activity by regulation of enzyme production. Limited number of openings. All benefits. Supervisor of production of proteins—all shifts. Must be able to follow exact directions from doublestranded template. Travel from nucleus to the cytoplasm is additional job benefit. Table 111 ____ 18. Applicants for the fourth job of the Help Wanted ad in Table 111, "Supervisor," could qualify if they were _____. a. DNA c. tRNA b. mRNA d. rRNA ____ 19. Applicants for the third job of the Help Wanted ad in Table 111, "Executive Position," could qualify if they were _____. a. DNA c. tRNA b. mRNA d. rRNA ____ 20. Applicants for the second job of the Help Wanted ad in Table 111, "Accuracy and Speed," could qualify if they were _____. a. DNA c. tRNA b. mRNA d. rRNA Completion Complete each sentence or statement. 21. The process of converting RNA code into an amino acid sequence is called ____________________. 22. The molecule ____________________ brings amino acids to the ribosomes for the assembly of proteins. 23. Each set of three nitrogen bases representing an amino acid is referred to as a(n) ____________________. 24. The process by which DNA makes a copy of itself is called ____________________. 25. During the process of transcription, DNA serves as the template for making ____________________, which leaves the nucleus and travels to the ribosomes. Page 6 Name: ________________________ ID: A 6 Short Answer 26. Provide a mathematical reason for why codons cannot be two nucleotides in length. 27. What is the difference between a codon and an anticodon? 28. What is the complementary strand of DNA for the following DNA nucleotide sequence? TAC TTA ACA ATT 29. What is the messenger RNA strand created from the DNA nucleotide sequence in the previous question? 30. What is the amino acid sequence generated from the DNA sequence from question 31. Page 7 ID: A 1 Biology: Chapter 11 Test Answer Section MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. B 2. C 3. D 4. B 5. C 6. C 7. A 8. D 9. C 10. B 11. A 12. B 13. A 14. D 15. A 16. B 17. C 18. B 19. A 20. C COMPLETION 21. translation 22. tRNA 23. codon 24. replication 25. mRNA SHORT ANSWER 26. The codons code for amino acids.ааLiving things use 20 amino acids.ааIf the codon was only two nucleotides in length they could not code for all 20 amino acids.ааMathematically if two nucleotides made a codon, and there are four possible nucleotides for each codon slot, they would code for only 4 2 or 16 amino acids. 27. A codon is a threebase code for a specific amino acid. An anticodon is a tRNA triplet of nitrogen bases that bonds to a complementary codon on the messenger RNA. 28. ATG AAT TGT TAA 29. AUG AAU UGU UAA Page 8 ID: A 2 30. methAsparCyststop
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